Przeczytaj artykuł pt. The archaeological mystery of Stonehenge's long-lost megaliths

Approximately 4,500 years in the past, the iconicikoniczny outline of Stonehenge would have presented a markedly different appearance. The esteemedszanowany writer and archaeologist Mike Pitts unearths vital clues pertainingdotyczący to the enigmazagadka surrounding the circle's long-lost megalithsdawno zaginione megality.

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Around 4,500 years ago, the famous silhouettesylwetka of Stonehenge would have looked very different. Writer and archaeologist Mike Pitts digs upodkrywa clues to the mystery of the circle's long-lost stonesdawno zaginione kamienie.

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About 4,500 years ago, Stonehenge would have looked quite differentwyglądał zupełnie inaczej. Mike Pitts, a writer and archaeologistarcheolog, finds clues to the mystery of the stones that are missing from the circle.

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If you are lucky to be at Stonehenge on midwinterprzesilenie zimowe day, December 21, and the sky is clear when the Sun sets, you can see something amazing. Stand between the tall Heel Stone and the stone circle, and look southwest through the big stones. As it gets dark, the stones look like a big, falling wallupadająca ściana, with orange light shining through the cracks. In the last moments, the Sun goes awayznika from a space between two tall stones and the stone on top. It gets dark and cold. It feels like Stonehenge has eaten the Sunpochłonęło Słońce.

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If you are fortunate enough to be at Stonehenge on midwinter day, 21 December, and also for the sky to be clear near the horizon as the Sun sets you can experience a striking eventuderzające wydarzenie. Position yourself between the tall, outlying Heel Stone and the stone circle, and look south-westspójrz na południowy zachód through the megalithsmegality. In the closing darknesszamykająca się ciemność they appear like a huge crumbling wall, orange light slanting through vertical fissuresszczeliny. In the last quick moments, the Sun disappears from a window formed by two great vertical stones and the horizontal lintel they support. It's dark and cold. Stonehenge, it feels, has swallowed the Sunpochłonęło Słońce.

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If you find yourselfznaleźć się at Stonehenge on the winter solsticeprzesilenie, December 21, and the sky is clear as the Sun sets, you can witness a remarkable phenomenonnadzwyczajne zjawisko. Stand between the tall Heel Stone and the stone circle, gazing southwestpatrząc na południowy zachód through the ancient stones. As darkness falls, the stones resemble a massive, crumbling wall, with orange light streaming through the vertical cracks. In the final fleeting moments, the Sun vanishes from a gap created by two towering stones and the horizontal lintelnadproże they support. The atmosphere turns dark and chilly, as if Stonehenge has consumed the Sunjakby Stonehenge pochłonęło Słońce.

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Many more standing stonesstojące kamienie are missing. What happened to these stones? Who took them awayzabrali je and where did they go? How do we know they were there before? Can we imaginewyobrazić sobie what Stonehenge looked like when it was finished? Was it ever really finished?

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And many more uprightpionowy stones have gone. What happened to these missing stonesbrakujące kamienie? Who took them downzdemontować je and where did they go? How do we know they were once there? Can we picture what the completed Stonehenge looked like? Indeed, was it ever finished at all?

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Numerous additional upright stones have vanished. What transpiredwydarzyło się with these absent stones? Who dismantled them, and to what location did they relocate? How can we ascertainustalić their previous existence? Are we able to visualize the appearance of a fully realized Stonehengew pełni zrealizowane Stonehenge? Indeed, was it ever truly completed?

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These are questions that archaeologistsarcheolodzy like me have been asking for a long time. We can't really answer them for sure. But a long search has helped my colleagues and me get closerzbliżyć się. Surveys, digging, and studying the ground have helped us understand better—sometimes in surprising waysw zaskakujący sposób—one of the big mysteriestajemnice of Stonehenge: was that everything that was there?

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These are questions that archaeologistsarcheolodzy like myself have asked for centuries. We can't answer any of them with certainty. But a long, active search has brought my colleagues and I closer. Through survey, excavationwykopaliska and geological studies have helped to clarify – sometimes in the most surprising waysw najbardziej zaskakujący sposób – one of the big puzzles of Stonehenge: is that all there was?

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These inquiries have perplexedzdezorientowany archaeologists, including myself, for centuries. We remain unable to provide definitiveostateczny answers to any of them. However, an extensive and vigorous investigationobszerne i energiczne dochodzenie has drawn my colleagues and me nearer to understanding. Through comprehensive surveys, excavations, and geological analyses, we have elucidatedwyjaśniony—often in unexpectedly enlightening mannersnieoczekiwanie pouczające sposoby—one of the significant enigmaszagadki surrounding Stonehenge: was that truly all there was?

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In the 1950s and 60s, restoration and excavation efforts were revitalizedożywione, leading toprowadząc do the discovery of additional buried holes among the existing standing stonesistniejące stojące kamienie. The pits arranged in two closely nested half-circles likely contained smaller megalithsmegality, while other pits suggest that these stones were dismantled and reconfiguredzdemontowane i przekształcone, incorporating additional stones into a concentric oval and circlekoncentryczny owal i okrąg. Eventually, these formations were modified to create the current layout, which features a circle and an open-ended horseshoe, although many stones have since disappeared.

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In the 1950s and 60s, work to restoreodrestaurować and dig at the site started again. More holes were found, this time near the standing stonesstojące kamienie we see today. The holes in two half-circles probably held smaller stones, and other holes show that these stones were taken downzdemontowane and moved aroundprzemieszczone, with new stones added, to make an oval and a circle. Later, these were changed to create the circle and open horseshoe shapeotwarty kształt podkowy we see now, but many stones are missing.

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Restoration and excavation resumed in the 1950s and 60s, when more buried holes were found, this time in amongst the present standing stones. Pits in two closely nested half-circles very likely held small megalithsmegality, and other pits indicate that these stones were taken downzdemontowane and rearranged – with the addition of more stones – in a concentric oval and circlekoncentryczny owal i okrąg. These two were later adjusted to form the present arrangement of a circle and open-ended horseshoe, of which many stones have gone.

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In one case, however, we know exactly who took some chipswzięli kilka kawałków, when and why. They unlocked one of the most remarkableniezwykły discoveriesodkryciaodkryli jedno z najbardziej niezwykłych odkryć ever made about Stonehenge.

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In a particular instance, we possess precisedokładny knowledge regarding the individuals who removed certain fragments, as well as the timing and rationaleuzasadnienie behind their actions. This act led to the revelationodkrycie of one of the most extraordinarynadzwyczajny findings pertainingdotyczący to Stonehenge.

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In one situation, we know exactly who took some pieces, when they did it, and why. They made one of the most amazing discoveriesodkrycia about Stonehenge.

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