Przeczytaj artykuł pt. The mysterious pairs of planets we still can't explain

Our previous assumptionszałożenia regarding the formation of planets and stars seemed to be well-foundeddobrze uzasadniony. However, the recent identification of numerous pairs of nascentpowstający planets within a proximate nebulamgławica poses a significant challengestanowi znaczące wyzwanie to these established notions.

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We believed we knew how planets and stars are made. But finding many pairs of young planetspary młodych planet in a nearby nebulamgławica could change everythingzmienić wszystko.

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We thought we broadly understoodszeroko rozumiane how planets and stars form. But the discovery of dozens of pairs of young planets in a nearby nebulamgławica threatens to turn that on its headpostawić to na głowie.

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"These things shouldn’t be here," says Simon Portegies Zwart, a space scientist at Leiden University in the Netherlands. "They go againstbyć sprzecznym z what we know about how stars and planets formformować się."

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"These entitiesbyty ought not to existnie powinny istnieć," assertstwierdzi Simon Portegies Zwart, an esteemedszanowany astrophysicist affiliatedzwiązany with Leiden University in the Netherlands. "They fundamentally contradictfundamentalnie przeczą the extensive knowledgeobszerna wiedza we have amassedzgromadzony regarding the processes of star and planet formation."

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"These things shouldn't exist," says Simon Portegies Zwart, an astrophysicistastrofizyk at Leiden University in the Netherlands. "They go againstprzeciwstawiać się everything we have learned about star and planet formation."

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In the subsequentkolejny months, efforts have been made to try and explain what's going ondzieje się. These planets, called Jupiter Mass Binary ObjectsObiekty Podwójne o Masie Jowisza, or Jumbos, still cannot be fully explained. But we are getting closer to an answer – with crucialkluczowy observations on the horizonna horyzoncie that may solve the mystery once and for allraz na zawsze.

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In the following months, people have tried to understand what is happening. These planets, known as Jupiter Mass Binary Objects or Jumbos, are still not fully understood. But we are getting closer tozbliżać się do finding an answer, with important observationsobserwacje coming soon that might finally solve the mysteryrozwiązać zagadkę.

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In the ensuingnastępujący months, considerable endeavorsznaczne wysiłki have been undertaken to elucidatewyjaśniać the ongoing phenomena. These celestial bodiesciała niebieskie, designated as Jupiter Mass Binary Objects, or Jumbos, remain only partially understood. However, we are inching closerzbliżać się powoli to a resolution, with pivotalkluczowy observations imminent that could potentially unravel the enigmarozwikłać zagadkę definitively.

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Phrasal verbs:

inching closer - zbliżać się powoli

We are inching closer to a resolution.

Powoli zbliżamy się do rozwiązania.

Hardest words:

ensuing - następujący

In the ensuing months, considerable endeavors have been undertaken.

W następujących miesiącach podjęto znaczne wysiłki.

elucidate - wyjaśniać

Considerable endeavors have been undertaken to elucidate the ongoing phenomena.

Podjęto znaczne wysiłki, aby wyjaśnić trwające zjawiska.

pivotal - kluczowy

With pivotal observations imminent that could potentially unravel the enigma.

Z kluczowymi obserwacjami, które mogą potencjalnie rozwikłać zagadkę.

Phrases:

considerable endeavors - znaczne wysiłki

Considerable endeavors have been undertaken to elucidate the ongoing phenomena.

Podjęto znaczne wysiłki, aby wyjaśnić trwające zjawiska.

celestial bodies - ciała niebieskie

These celestial bodies, designated as Jupiter Mass Binary Objects, remain only partially understood.

Te ciała niebieskie, określane jako obiekty podwójne o masie Jowisza, pozostają tylko częściowo zrozumiane.

unravel the enigma - rozwikłać zagadkę

Observations imminent that could potentially unravel the enigma definitively.

Obserwacje, które mogą potencjalnie definitywnie rozwikłać zagadkę.

The Jumbo pairs are spaced apartrozstawione by distances starting from 2.8 billion miles (4.5 billion kilometers) – which is the same distance between Neptune and the Sun – and can be almost 400 times that distance. They look like two bright dots in the Orion Nebulamgławica and seem to go aroundkrążyć wokół siebie each other.

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Each Jumbo pair was separatedoddzielone by distances of as little as 2.8 billion miles (4.5 billion kilometres) – the same distance that separates Neptune and our Sun – or up to nearly 400 times that distance. Each pair appears as twin dots of lightbliźniacze punkty świetlne in the Orion Nebulamgławica and seem to orbit one anotherorbitować wokół siebie nawzajem.

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Each pair of Jumbos is distanced by as little as 2.8 billion miles (4.5 billion kilometers) – equivalent to the distance between Neptune and our Sun – and can extend to nearly 400 times that distance. These pairs manifestobjawiać się as twin luminousświetlisty points within the Orion Nebulamgławica, appearing to revolve around each otherobracać się wokół siebie nawzajem.

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Jessie Christiansen, an astronomer affiliatedzwiązany with the NASA Exoplanetegzoplaneta Science Institute at the California Institute of Technology, remarked that the recent discovery thrust her teamwprawiło jej zespół of exoplanetegzoplaneta researchers—those who investigate planets beyond our Solar System—into a state of "crisis." "Initially, I was quite concerned about them," she stated. "One of our criteria for defining an exoplanetegzoplaneta is that it must be a planet that orbits another star. Upon the emergence of these planets, I thought, 'Oh my goodness, we have binarypodwójny, free-floating objects with masses akin to Jupitermasy podobne do Jowisza. What course of action should I take?'"

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Jessie Christiansen, an astronomerastronom at NASA's Exoplanetegzoplaneta Science Institute in California, said that the discovery put her team of exoplanetegzoplaneta hunters—who look for planets outside our Solar System—into a "crisis" mode. "I was really worried about them at first," she said. "One of the ways we define an exoplanetegzoplaneta is 'a planet that goes aroundkrąży wokół another star'. When these planets were found, I thought, 'Oh no, we have binary, free-floatingswobodnie unoszący się Jupiter-sized objects. What should I do?'"

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Jessie Christiansen, an astronomer at the Nasa Exoplanetegzoplaneta Science Institute at the California Institute of Technology, says the discovery set her team of exoplanetegzoplaneta hunters – planets found outside our Solar System – into "crisis" mode. "I was very worried about them at first," she says. "One of our definitions of an exoplanetegzoplaneta is 'a planet that orbits another star'. As soon as these planets came outpojawiły się, I was like, 'Oh my God, binarypodwójny free-floating Jupiter-mass objects. What am I going to do?'"

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Jumbo planets would represent a newly discovered classnowo odkryta klasa below brown dwarfs. McCaughrean and Pearson detecting the hot, infraredpodczerwony glow of about 100 of these objects not in pairs down to the mass of Jupiter in the Trapezium ClusterGromada Trapez. "Nobody's seen those before," says McCaughrean. But it was the discovery of 42 pairs of these objects, and one triple, that really set minds racingpobudzić wyobraźnię. "This was not something we were looking for at all," says Pearson.

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Jumbo planets are a new type of objectnowy typ obiektu that is smaller than brown dwarfsbrązowe karły. McCaughrean and Pearson found about 100 of these hot, glowing objects that are not in pairs and are as heavy as Jupitertak ciężki jak Jowisz in the Trapezium ClusterGromada Trapez. "No one has seen these before," McCaughrean says. But the real surprise was finding 42 pairs of these objects and one group of three, which got everyone excitedpodekscytowało wszystkich. "We weren't looking for this at all," Pearson explains.

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The discovery of jumbo planets signifiesoznacza the identification of a novel class situated beneath brown dwarfs. McCaughrean and Pearson have observed the intense infraredpodczerwony emissions from approximately 100 of these solitary objects, each possessing a mass comparable to that of Jupiter, within the Trapezium ClusterGromada Trapez. "These have never been observed before," McCaughrean remarks. However, it was the revelation of 42 pairs of such objects, along with one triple, that truly ignited excitementwzbudziło podekscytowanie among researchers. "This was entirely unexpected and not something we were actively searching for," Pearson states.

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Many stars exist as pairs, or binariesukłady podwójne, a result of forming in proximity in relatively tight, dense nebulas of dust and gas like Orion. Jumbos are a different problem. If they were planets that once orbited stars but were ejected, it would be difficult to explain how they would end upskończyć in pairs. Two ejected planets passing each other would be unlikely to become gravitationallygrawitacyjnie bound as they flew through space. But their masses appear to be too low for them to have formed directly from the collapse of a cloud of gaszapadnięcie się chmury gazu, like a star. "These objects are way off the bottomdaleko od dna [of] where we think this works," says Christiansen, "which is partly why theorists are struggling."

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Phrasal verbs:

end up - skończyć

If they were planets that once orbited stars but were ejected, it would be difficult to explain how they would end up in pairs.

Gdyby były to planety, które kiedyś krążyły wokół gwiazd, ale zostały wyrzucone, trudno byłoby wyjaśnić, jak skończyłyby w parach.

Idioms:

way off the bottom - daleko od dna

These objects are way off the bottom [of] where we think this works.

Te obiekty są daleko od dna, gdzie myślimy, że to działa.

Hardest words:

binaries - układy podwójne

Many stars exist as pairs, or binaries, a result of forming in proximity in relatively tight, dense nebulas of dust and gas like Orion.

Wiele gwiazd istnieje jako pary, czyli układy podwójne, powstałe w wyniku formowania się w bliskiej odległości w stosunkowo ciasnych, gęstych mgławicach pyłu i gazu, takich jak Orion.

gravitationally - grawitacyjnie

Two ejected planets passing each other would be unlikely to become gravitationally bound as they flew through space.

Dwie wyrzucone planety mijające się nawzajem raczej nie stałyby się grawitacyjnie związane podczas lotu przez przestrzeń.

Phrases:

gravitationally bound - grawitacyjnie związane

Two ejected planets passing each other would be unlikely to become gravitationally bound as they flew through space.

Dwie wyrzucone planety mijające się nawzajem raczej nie stałyby się grawitacyjnie związane podczas lotu przez przestrzeń.

collapse of a cloud of gas - zapadnięcie się chmury gazu

But their masses appear to be too low for them to have formed directly from the collapse of a cloud of gas, like a star.

Ale ich masy wydają się zbyt małe, aby mogły powstać bezpośrednio z zapadnięcia się chmury gazu, jak gwiazda.

Many stars are found in pairs, called binariesukłady podwójne, because they form close together in dense clouds of dust and gasgęste chmury pyłu i gazu, like in Orion. Jumbos are a different issue. If they were planets that used to orbit stars but got kicked outwyrzucone, it’s hard to understand how they ended up in pairs. Two planets that were ejectedwyrzucone and passed each other probably wouldn’t stick together as they moved through space. Also, their masses seem too low to have formed from a gas cloud like stars do. "These objects are much lower than what we think should happen," says Christiansen, "which is part of why theorists are having a hard timetrudności."

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Phrasal verbs:

kicked out - wyrzucone

If they were planets that used to orbit stars but got kicked out, it’s hard to understand how they ended up in pairs.

Jeśli były to planety, które kiedyś orbitowały wokół gwiazd, ale zostały wyrzucone, trudno zrozumieć, jak skończyły w parach.

Hardest words:

binaries - układy podwójne

Many stars are found in pairs, called binaries, because they form close together in dense clouds of dust and gas, like in Orion.

Wiele gwiazd występuje w parach, zwanych układami podwójnymi, ponieważ tworzą się blisko siebie w gęstych chmurach pyłu i gazu, jak w Orionie.

ejected - wyrzucone

Two planets that were ejected and passed each other probably wouldn’t stick together as they moved through space.

Dwie planety, które zostały wyrzucone i minęły się, prawdopodobnie nie pozostałyby razem, poruszając się przez przestrzeń.

Phrases:

dense clouds of dust and gas - gęste chmury pyłu i gazu

Many stars are found in pairs, called binaries, because they form close together in dense clouds of dust and gas, like in Orion.

Wiele gwiazd występuje w parach, zwanych układami podwójnymi, ponieważ tworzą się blisko siebie w gęstych chmurach pyłu i gazu, jak w Orionie.

hard time - trudności

"These objects are much lower than what we think should happen," says Christiansen, "which is part of why theorists are having a hard time."

"Te obiekty są znacznie niższe niż to, co według nas powinno się wydarzyć," mówi Christiansen, "co jest częścią powodu, dla którego teoretycy mają trudności."

"The orbits of the two planets must be relatively well-aligneddobrze wyrównane," states Perna. However, in such scenarios, pairs of Jumbos would be "an inevitablenieunikniony outcome" of stellar interactionsinterakcje gwiazdowe. Another hypothesishipoteza regarding ejection suggests that these pairs were previously a planet-planet or planet-moon duoduet planeta-księżyc orbiting a youthful star prior to their ejection.

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"It requires the orbits of the two planets to be relatively closely alignedwyrównane," says Perna. But in such instances, pairs of Jumbos would be "an unavoidable consequencenieunikniona konsekwencja" of interactions between starsinterakcje między gwiazdami. Another ejectionwyrzucenie idea is that the pairs were already a planet-planet or planet-moon pair orbiting a young star together before they were ejected.

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"The two planets need to have orbits that are pretty close togetherorbity, które są dość blisko siebie," says Perna. But in these cases, pairs of Jumbos would be "something that has to happen" because of how stars interact. Another idea about how they got ejectedwyrzucone is that the pairs were already a planet and a moon or two planets going around a young star together before they were thrown outwyrzucone.

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Portegies Zwart favours a different explanation, where Jumbos form in the same way as stars, directly from the collapsezapadnięcie of a cloud of gas. Known as in-situna miejscu formation, this would require us to rethink how low the density of a gas cloud can be in order to trigger such a collapsezapadnięcie. But for Portegies Zwart, "I think in-situna miejscu formation is the only one in which I don't have theoretical problems," he says. "It is the most promising."

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Portegies Zwart supports a different idea, suggesting that Jumbos form like stars do, from the collapse of a gas cloudzapadanie się chmury gazu. This process is called in-situ formationformowanie in-situ, and it means we need to think again about how low the density of a gas cloud can be to cause this collapse. But Portegies Zwart says, "I think in-situ formationformowanie in-situ is the only one that doesn't have theoretical issuesproblemy teoretyczne for me," and he adds, "It is the most promising."

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Portegies Zwart advocatespopiera an alternative hypothesisalternatywna hipoteza, positing that Jumbos originate in a manner analogousanalogiczny to stellar formationformowanie gwiazd, arising directly from the gravitationalgrawitacyjny collapse of a gaseous nebulamgławica. This phenomenon, referred to as in-situna miejscu formation, necessitates a reevaluation of the minimum density thresholdpróg required for such a collapse to occur. However, Portegies Zwart asserts, "I believe in-situna miejscu formation is the sole scenario devoid of theoretical inconsistenciesniespójności," adding, "It represents the most promising avenuedroga of inquiry."

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Hardest words:

advocates - popiera

Portegies Zwart advocates an alternative hypothesis.

Portegies Zwart popiera alternatywną hipotezę.

analogous - analogiczny

Jumbos originate in a manner analogous to stellar formation.

Jumbos powstają w sposób analogiczny do formowania gwiazd.

gravitational - grawitacyjny

arising directly from the gravitational collapse of a gaseous nebula.

powstający bezpośrednio z grawitacyjnego zapadania się mgławicy gazowej.

nebula - mgławica

from the gravitational collapse of a gaseous nebula.

z grawitacyjnego zapadania się mgławicy gazowej.

in-situ - na miejscu

This phenomenon, referred to as in-situ formation, necessitates a reevaluation.

To zjawisko, znane jako formowanie na miejscu, wymaga ponownej oceny.

threshold - próg

necessitates a reevaluation of the minimum density threshold required.

wymaga ponownej oceny minimalnego wymaganego progu gęstości.

inconsistencies - niespójności

is the sole scenario devoid of theoretical inconsistencies.

jest jedynym scenariuszem pozbawionym teoretycznych niespójności.

avenue - droga

It represents the most promising avenue of inquiry.

Reprezentuje najbardziej obiecującą drogę badań.

Phrases:

alternative hypothesis - alternatywna hipoteza

Portegies Zwart advocates an alternative hypothesis.

Portegies Zwart popiera alternatywną hipotezę.

stellar formation - formowanie gwiazd

Jumbos originate in a manner analogous to stellar formation.

Jumbos powstają w sposób analogiczny do formowania gwiazd.

gravitational collapse - grawitacyjne zapadanie się

arising directly from the gravitational collapse of a gaseous nebula.

powstający bezpośrednio z grawitacyjnego zapadania się mgławicy gazowej.

minimum density threshold - minimalny próg gęstości

necessitates a reevaluation of the minimum density threshold required.

wymaga ponownej oceny minimalnego wymaganego progu gęstości.

theoretical inconsistencies - teoretyczne niespójności

is the sole scenario devoid of theoretical inconsistencies.

jest jedynym scenariuszem pozbawionym teoretycznych niespójności.

avenue of inquiry - droga badań

It represents the most promising avenue of inquiry.

Reprezentuje najbardziej obiecującą drogę badań.

One way to make small gas clouds turn intozamienić się w Jumbos might be through high-energy particleswysokoenergetyczne cząstki called cosmic rayspromienie kosmiczne. These are found all over the Universe and come from big explosions like supernovaesupernowe or active black holesaktywne czarne dziury. Usually, if a cloud of gas in space—mostly hydrogen and helium—is too thin, it has too much spin to collapse. The gas would be too spread out and energetic to create something as small as a Jumbo.

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Phrasal verbs:

turn into - zamienić się w

One way to make small gas clouds turn into Jumbos might be through high-energy particles.

Jednym ze sposobów, aby małe chmury gazu zamieniły się w Jumbo, mogą być wysokoenergetyczne cząstki.

Hardest words:

cosmic rays - promienie kosmiczne

One way to make small gas clouds turn into Jumbos might be through high-energy particles called cosmic rays.

Jednym ze sposobów, aby małe chmury gazu zamieniły się w Jumbo, mogą być wysokoenergetyczne cząstki zwane promieniami kosmicznymi.

supernovae - supernowe

These are found all over the Universe and come from big explosions like supernovae or active black holes.

Są one spotykane w całym Wszechświecie i pochodzą z wielkich eksplozji, takich jak supernowe lub aktywne czarne dziury.

Phrases:

high-energy particles - wysokoenergetyczne cząstki

One way to make small gas clouds turn into Jumbos might be through high-energy particles called cosmic rays.

Jednym ze sposobów, aby małe chmury gazu zamieniły się w Jumbo, mogą być wysokoenergetyczne cząstki zwane promieniami kosmicznymi.

active black holes - aktywne czarne dziury

These are found all over the Universe and come from big explosions like supernovae or active black holes.

Są one spotykane w całym Wszechświecie i pochodzą z wielkich eksplozji, takich jak supernowe lub aktywne czarne dziury.

One way to trigger the collapsewywołać zapadnięcie się of small clouds of gas into Jumbos might involve high-energy particlescząstki wysokoenergetyczne called cosmic rays. These pervadeprzenikać the Universe, emitted by explosive events such as supernovae or active black holes. Normally, if a cloud of galactic gasgaz galaktyczny – mostly hydrogen and helium – were too low density, it should have too much angular momentummoment pędu to collapse. The gas would simply be too dispersed and energetic to form objects as small as a Jumbo.

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One potential mechanism for instigatinginicjowanie the collapse of diminutivedrobny gas clouds into Jumbos could involve high-energy particleswysokoenergetyczne cząstki known as cosmic rays. These particles permeateprzenikać the cosmos, originating from cataclysmickatastrofalny events such as supernovae or active black holes. Typically, if a galactic gas cloudgalaktyczna chmura gazu—predominantly composed of hydrogen and helium—exhibits insufficient density, it would possess excessive angular momentummoment pędu to undergo collapse. Consequently, the gas would be too widely dispersed and energetic to coalescezlewać się into objects as compact as a Jumbo.

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Hardest words:

instigating - inicjowanie

One potential mechanism for instigating the collapse of diminutive gas clouds into Jumbos could involve high-energy particles known as cosmic rays.

Jednym z potencjalnych mechanizmów inicjowania zapadania się małych chmur gazu w Jumbos może być zaangażowanie wysokoenergetycznych cząstek znanych jako promienie kosmiczne.

diminutive - drobny

One potential mechanism for instigating the collapse of diminutive gas clouds into Jumbos could involve high-energy particles known as cosmic rays.

Jednym z potencjalnych mechanizmów inicjowania zapadania się drobnych chmur gazu w Jumbos może być zaangażowanie wysokoenergetycznych cząstek znanych jako promienie kosmiczne.

permeate - przenikać

These particles permeate the cosmos, originating from cataclysmic events such as supernovae or active black holes.

Te cząstki przenikają kosmos, pochodząc z katastrofalnych wydarzeń, takich jak supernowe lub aktywne czarne dziury.

cataclysmic - katastrofalny

These particles permeate the cosmos, originating from cataclysmic events such as supernovae or active black holes.

Te cząstki przenikają kosmos, pochodząc z katastrofalnych wydarzeń, takich jak supernowe lub aktywne czarne dziury.

coalesce - zlewać się

Consequently, the gas would be too widely dispersed and energetic to coalesce into objects as compact as a Jumbo.

W konsekwencji gaz byłby zbyt rozproszony i energetyczny, aby zlewać się w obiekty tak zwarte jak Jumbo.

Phrases:

high-energy particles - wysokoenergetyczne cząstki

One potential mechanism for instigating the collapse of diminutive gas clouds into Jumbos could involve high-energy particles known as cosmic rays.

Jednym z potencjalnych mechanizmów inicjowania zapadania się małych chmur gazu w Jumbos może być zaangażowanie wysokoenergetycznych cząstek znanych jako promienie kosmiczne.

angular momentum - moment pędu

Typically, if a galactic gas cloud—predominantly composed of hydrogen and helium—exhibits insufficient density, it would possess excessive angular momentum to undergo collapse.

Zazwyczaj, jeśli galaktyczna chmura gazu - głównie złożona z wodoru i helu - wykazuje niewystarczającą gęstość, posiadałaby nadmierny moment pędu, aby ulec zapadnięciu.

galactic gas cloud - galaktyczna chmura gazu

Typically, if a galactic gas cloud—predominantly composed of hydrogen and helium—exhibits insufficient density, it would possess excessive angular momentum to undergo collapse.

Zazwyczaj, jeśli galaktyczna chmura gazu - głównie złożona z wodoru i helu - wykazuje niewystarczającą gęstość, posiadałaby nadmierny moment pędu, aby ulec zapadnięciu.

Some aren't sure that Jumbos exist at all. Peter Plavchan, an astronomer at George Mason University in the US, says he thinks they could be stars masqueradingudające asudające planets. He says the dusty nature of the Orion Nebula could disguise the light of the stars, making them appear redder, giving them a planet-like signaturesygnatura przypominająca planetę. "The more plausiblewiarygodne explanation is they're just two stars that are higher mass that appear to have the colours of planetary-mass objects," he says.

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Some people doubt that Jumbos really exist. Peter Plavchan, an astronomerastronom from George Mason University in the US, thinks they might be stars pretending to beudając planets. He says the dust in the Orion Nebula could hide the lightukryć światło from the stars, making them look redder and more like planets. "A more likely explanationbardziej prawdopodobne wyjaśnienie is that they are just two heavier stars that look like they have the colors of planets," he says.

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There is some skepticismsceptycyzm regarding the existence of Jumbos. Peter Plavchan, an astronomer affiliatedzwiązany with George Mason University in the United States, posits that these entities might actually be stars pretending to beudające planets. He suggests that the dusty characteristics of the Orion Nebula could obscurezaciemniać the luminosityjasność of the stars, rendering them redder and thus imparting a planetary appearanceplanetarny wygląd. "A more credible explanationwiarygodne wyjaśnienie is that they are simply two higher-mass stars that exhibit the hues typical of planetary-mass objects," he asserts.

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Idioms:

pretending to be - udające

These entities might actually be stars pretending to be planets.

Te byty mogą być w rzeczywistości gwiazdami udającymi planety.

Hardest words:

skepticism - sceptycyzm

There is some skepticism regarding the existence of Jumbos.

Istnieje pewien sceptycyzm co do istnienia Jumbos.

affiliated - związany

Peter Plavchan, an astronomer affiliated with George Mason University...

Peter Plavchan, astronom związany z George Mason University...

obscure - zaciemniać

...the Orion Nebula could obscure the luminosity of the stars...

...Mgławica Oriona może zaciemniać jasność gwiazd...

luminosity - jasność

...the Orion Nebula could obscure the luminosity of the stars...

...Mgławica Oriona może zaciemniać jasność gwiazd...

Phrases:

planetary appearance - planetarny wygląd

...rendering them redder and thus imparting a planetary appearance.

...czyniąc je bardziej czerwonymi, nadając im tym samym planetarny wygląd.

credible explanation - wiarygodne wyjaśnienie

A more credible explanation is that they are simply two higher-mass stars...

Bardziej wiarygodne wyjaśnienie to, że są to po prostu dwie gwiazdy o większej masie...

McCaughrean says this could be the case for some of the Jumbos, but not all of them. "We've been careful in our analysis to rule outwykluczyć reddened low-mass background stars as potential contaminantszanieczyszczenia," he says. "The statistical chancesszanse statystyczne of all of the Jumbos being background sources [is low]."

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McCaughrean positszakłada that this may apply to certain Jumbos, though not universally. He states, "We have exercised cautionzachowano ostrożność in our analysis to eliminate the possibility of reddened low-mass background stars serving as potential contaminantszanieczyszczenia. The statistical likelihoodstatystyczne prawdopodobieństwo of all Jumbos being background sources is minimal."

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McCaughrean thinks this might be true for some Jumbos, but not for all. He says, "We have been careful in our study to make sure that reddenedzaczerwienione low-mass background stars are not possible mix-upspomyłki. The chances that all the Jumbos are background stars are low."

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Pearson states that "even if only two or three of them are realnawet jeśli tylko dwa lub trzy z nich są prawdziwe, it shows that we don't fully understandrozumieć how planets and stars are made."

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Pearson assertstwierdzi that "even if merely two or three of these entitiesjednostki are authenticautentyczne, it indicates a significant gapznacząca luka in our comprehensivewszechstronny understanding of the processes involved in the formation of planets and stars."

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Pearson says that "even if just two or three of them are real, it means there's something missing from our entire understandingzrozumieniecoś brakuje w naszym pełnym zrozumieniu of how you make planets and stars".

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To find outdowiedzieć się for sure, we need further observationsobserwacje of the objects. McCaughrean and Pearson are on the casezajmować się sprawą – they have studied them more extensivelyobszernie with JWST this year, using the telescope to pick apartrozłożyć na części the light of the objects. They haven't yet released their latest findingsnajnowsze odkrycia, but when they do, they will be looking for signs of certain elements in the atmospheres of the Jumbos that could hint at their origin.

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In order to ascertainustalić the truth, additional observations of the celestial objectsobiekty niebieskie are imperativekonieczny. McCaughrean and Pearson are diligentlypilnie investigating this matter; they have conducted a more thorough analysis using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) this year, meticulouslyskrupulatnie dissecting the lightanalizowanie światła emitted by these objects. Although their most recent findings have yet to be disclosed, upon release, they will be searching for indicators of specific elements present in the atmospheres of the Jumbos, which may provide insights into their origins.

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Hardest words:

ascertain - ustalić

In order to ascertain the truth, additional observations are imperative.

Aby ustalić prawdę, konieczne są dodatkowe obserwacje.

imperative - konieczny

Additional observations of the celestial objects are imperative.

Dodatkowe obserwacje obiektów niebieskich są konieczne.

diligently - pilnie

McCaughrean and Pearson are diligently investigating this matter.

McCaughrean i Pearson pilnie badają tę sprawę.

meticulously - skrupulatnie

They are meticulously dissecting the light emitted by these objects.

Skrupulatnie analizują światło emitowane przez te obiekty.

Phrases:

ascertain the truth - ustalić prawdę

In order to ascertain the truth, additional observations are imperative.

Aby ustalić prawdę, konieczne są dodatkowe obserwacje.

celestial objects - obiekty niebieskie

Additional observations of the celestial objects are imperative.

Dodatkowe obserwacje obiektów niebieskich są konieczne.

dissecting the light - analizowanie światła

They are meticulously dissecting the light emitted by these objects.

Skrupulatnie analizują światło emitowane przez te obiekty.

To really know, we need to look atprzyglądać się the objects more. McCaughrean and Pearson are working on itpracują nad tym – they have looked at them more closely with JWST this year, using the telescope to study the light from the objects. They haven't shared their new findings yet, but when they do, they will check for signs of certain elements in the atmospheresatmosfery of the Jumbos that might show where they came from.

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An alternative approach could involve utilizing radio telescopes to observe the Jumbos and monitor their velocity as they traverseprzemierzać the celestial spheresfera niebieska. Should the pairs exhibit uniform motion away from a shared stellar originwspólne pochodzenie gwiezdne, this may lend credencewiarygodność to the hypothesis that they are planets expelledwydalone from their original orbits. Conversely, a lack of such uniformity could suggest that the in-situ formation modelmodel formacji in-situ holds validity.

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Another way to look atspojrzeć na Jumbos is by using radio telescopes to see how fast they are moving in the sky. If they are moving away fromoddalają się od the same star at the same speed, it might mean they are planets that were thrown out. If they are not, it could mean the other idea about their formationformacja is right.

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Another option might be to study Jumbos with radio telescopes and track how fastśledzić jak szybko they are moving across the skyporuszające się po niebie. If the pairs are moving at the same speed away from a common star, that might support the ideawspierać pomysł they are ejectedwyrzucone planets. If not, it could hint at the in-situna miejscu model being correct.

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Rodriguez hopes to have more radio datadane radiowe on Jumbos from a US network of radio telescopes called the Very Long Baseline Array in the coming months, and another US network called the Very Long Array by the end of the year. "Then we will know if they are moving fast or breaking apartrozpadać się, which will favour an ejectionwyrzucenie mechanism," he says.

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Rodriguez anticipatesprzewiduje acquiring additional radio datapozyskiwanie dodatkowych danych radiowych concerning Jumbos from a US network of radio telescopes known as the Very Long Baseline Array in the forthcoming months, along with another US network referred to as the Very Long Array by the year's conclusion. He states, "At that point, we will ascertainustalić whether they are traversingprzemieszczanie się the sky at high velocities or disintegratingrozpadający się, which would support the hypothesishipoteza of an ejection mechanism."

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Rodriguez is looking forward tooczekiwać z niecierpliwością getting more radio data about Jumbos from a US network of radio telescopes called the Very Long Baseline Array soon, and from another US network called the Very Long Array by the end of this year. He says, "Then we will find out if they are moving quickly or falling apartrozpadać się, which would support the idea of them being ejectedwyrzucone."

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An upcoming Nasa telescope called the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, set to launchplanowany do wystrzelenia in 2027, could also study Jumbos. It will perform a survey of the Universebadanie Wszechświata to look for exoplanetsegzoplanety, but could also be used to look for objects inside the Orion Nebula, perhaps finding more Jumbos than even JWST can detect. "You could point outwskazać really faint objects down to about the mass of Saturn," says Melinda Soares-Furtado, an astrophysicistastrofizyk at the University of Wisconsin at Madison in the US.

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The forthcomingnadchodzący NASA telescope, designatedwyznaczony the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, is scheduled for launch in 2027 and holds the potentialma potencjał to investigate Jumbos. It will conduct a comprehensive surveykompleksowe badanie of the Universe aimed at identifying exoplanets, while also being capable of searching for celestial objects within the Orion Nebula, possibly uncovering a greater number of Jumbos than the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) can identify. "It will enable the detection of extremely faint objectsbardzo słabe obiekty, down to approximately the mass of Saturn," states Melinda Soares-Furtado, an astrophysicist affiliatedzwiązany with the University of Wisconsin at Madison in the United States.

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A new NASA telescopeteleskop called the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescopeteleskop is going to launch in 2027. It might study Jumbos too. It will look forszukać exoplanetsegzoplanety in the Universe, but it can also search for things in the Orion Nebula, possibly finding more Jumbos than the JWST can see. "You can find really faint objectssłabe obiekty that are about the size of Saturn," says Melinda Soares-Furtado, an astrophysicistastrofizyk at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, USA.

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Studying other young nebulasmgławice for Jumbos could be useful too, confirming if these peculiarosobliwy pairs of objects are widespread across other regions of star formation. "Any young cluster would be interesting," says Portegies Zwart. There could even be some Jumbos drifting freely through spacedryfujące swobodnie przez przestrzeń awaiting discovery, and perhaps quite close to home. "There may be Jumbos near the Solar System but we have never spotted them because we didn't point atwskazać na them," he says.

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Looking at other young nebulasmgławice for Jumbos could also help us see if these strange pairs of objects are found in other star-making areasobszary tworzenia gwiazd. Portegies Zwart says, "Any young group would be interesting." There might even be some Jumbos floatingunoszące się in space waiting to be found, and maybe they are not too far away. He adds, "There could be Jumbos near the Solar System, but we have never seen them because we didn’t look forszukać them."

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Investigating additional youthful nebulasmgławice for the presence of Jumbos may also prove beneficial, as it would validate whether these unusual pairs of celestialniebiański bodies are prevalent in other star-forming regionsregiony formowania się gwiazd. According to Portegies Zwart, "Any young cluster would be of significant interest." It is conceivable that some Jumbos are wandering through the cosmos, awaiting their discoveryoczekujące na odkrycie, potentially in proximitybliskość to our own location. He remarks, "There may exist Jumbos in the vicinity of the Solar System, yet we have failed to detect them simply because we have not directed our observations towards them."

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Phrasal verbs:

directed towards - skierować na

We have not directed our observations towards them.

Nie skierowaliśmy naszych obserwacji na nie.

Hardest words:

nebulas - mgławice

Investigating additional youthful nebulas for the presence of Jumbos may also prove beneficial.

Badanie dodatkowych młodych mgławic pod kątem obecności Jumbo może również okazać się korzystne.

celestial - niebiański

These unusual pairs of celestial bodies are prevalent in other star-forming regions.

Te niezwykłe pary ciał niebiańskich są powszechne w innych regionach formowania się gwiazd.

proximity - bliskość

Potentially in proximity to our own location.

Potencjalnie w bliskości naszej własnej lokalizacji.

Phrases:

youthful nebulas - młode mgławice

Investigating additional youthful nebulas for the presence of Jumbos may also prove beneficial.

Badanie dodatkowych młodych mgławic pod kątem obecności Jumbo może również okazać się korzystne.

star-forming regions - regiony formowania się gwiazd

These unusual pairs of celestial bodies are prevalent in other star-forming regions.

Te niezwykłe pary ciał niebiańskich są powszechne w innych regionach formowania się gwiazd.

awaiting their discovery - oczekujące na odkrycie

Some Jumbos are wandering through the cosmos, awaiting their discovery.

Niektóre Jumbo wędrują przez kosmos, oczekując na odkrycie.

No matter what they are, JumbosJumbos (nazwa własna, kontekst nieznany) could help us understand these star-making areasobszary tworzenia gwiazd and what they can teach us, says Soares-Furtado. For now, the mystery goes ontajemnica trwa dalej.

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Regardless of what they turn outokazać się to be, Jumbos could help us "really understand these stellar nurseriesgwiezdne żłobki and what they have to teach us", says Soares-Furtado. For now the mystery continuestajemnica trwa.

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Irrespectivebez względu na of their ultimate classificationostateczna klasyfikacja, Jumbos may significantly enhance our comprehensionzrozumienie of these stellar nurseriesgwiezdne żłobki and the insights they offer, asserts Soares-Furtado. At present, the enigmazagadka persists.

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